Contact
Email: michal.czerniawski [at] vub.be
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About
I am a researcher specialising in digital sovereignty and the extraterritorial enforcement of EU digital laws, with a particular interest in how regulatory power, legal design, and international cooperation shape the EU’s ability to project its norms beyond its borders. My work examines the evolving architecture of global digital governance, the limits of cross‑border enforcement, and the strategies through which the EU seeks to operationalise its regulatory influence in an increasingly fragmented digital sphere and amid broader issues linked to changes in geopolitics. I am currently affiliated with the University of St Andrews (Scotland).
Research Interests
- Digital sovereignty
- Digital governance
- Enforcement
- Jurisdiction
- International cooperation
Publications
- de Hert Paul, Czerniawski Michal, Expanding the European data protection scope beyond territory: Article 3 of the General Data Protection Regulation in its wider context, International Data Privacy Law / Oxford Journals, Volume 6, Issue 3, August 2016, LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, Svantesson Dan, Challenges to the extraterritorial enforcement of data privacy law - EU case study, [in:] M. Brinnen, C. Magnusson Sjöberg, D. Törngren, D. Westman, S. Öman(eds.), Dataskyddet 50 år – historia, aktuella problem och framtid, Stockholm 2023, LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, Do We Need the ‘Use of Equipment’ as a Factor for the Territorial Applicability of the EU Data Protection Regime? [in:] D. Svantesson, D. Kloza, (eds.) Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Relations as a Challenge for Democracy, Cambridge 2017, LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, Towards the effective extraterritorial enforcement of the AI Act, [in:] J-H. Hoepman, M. Jensen, M. G. Porcedda, S. Schiffner, S. Ziegler (eds.), Privacy Symposium: Data Protection Law International Convergence and Compliance with Innovative Technologies (DPLICIT 2024), Springer 2025, LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, Stoia Anamaria, From the General Data Protection Regulation to the Artificial Intelligence Act: Improving Extraterritorial Enforcement Through Criminal Law [in:] R. Bieda, A. Blechová, E. Fandiño López , R. Potenzano (eds.), Legal Challenges of Disruptive Technologies, Nomos 2025, LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, EU’s Digital Sovereignty and the Rights-Based Imperative: Linking Enforcement, Competences and Fundamental Rights, VerfBlog, 2025/12/03, LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, On digital sovereignty, extraterritoriality and EU digital laws – GDPR case study, The Digital Constitutionalist , LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, Shrouded in secrecy - does the comitology procedure for GDPR adequacy decisions fit its purpose?, Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology, Vol.18,No.2(2024), LINK
- Czerniawski Michal, Graduated Response – a Comprehensive Solution in the War Against Online Piracy? Themis Polska Nova 2(11)/2016, pp. 164-185, LINK
Teaching
- Guest lecture: Data Ethics & Privacy module - School of Computer Science — University of St Andrews, 2026
- CGLG Talk: Digital Sovereignty in the European Union — University of St Andrews, 2026, LINK
- Lecture: Summer Academy For Global Privacy Law 2024 The Future of Data Protection : Navigating Between Data Regulations, Data Spaces and Data Dogmas — The Brussels Privacy Hub, 2024, LINK
- Lecture: Summer Academy For Global Privacy Law 2021 International Data Flows: Moving Challenges, New Solutions? — The Brussels Privacy Hub, 2021, LINK
- Lecture: Summer Academy for Global Privacy Law 2020: Confronting the new Challenges — The Brussels Privacy Hub, 2020, LINK
- Lecture: 4th European Data Protection Law Summer School: Advancing (with) EU data protection — The Brussels Privacy Hub, 2019, LINK